XHTML documents must be well-formed

All XHTML elements must be nested within the <html> root element. All other elements can have sub (children) elements. Sub elements must be in pairs and correctly nested within their parent element. The basic document structure is:

<html>
<head> ... </head>
<body> ... </body>
</html>

All XHTML elements must be closed

Non-empty elements must have an end tag. Example: <p>This is a paragraph</p>

Empty elements must either have an end tag or the start tag must end with />. Example:

This is a break<br />
Here comes a horizontal rule:<hr />

Here's an image <img src="happy.gif" alt="Happy face" />

* IMPORTANT Compatibility Note: To make your XHTML compatible with today's browsers, you should add an extra space before the "/" symbol like this: <br />, and this: <hr />.

Tag names must be in lowercase

This is because XHTML documents are XML applications. XML is case-sensitive. Tags like <br> and <BR> are interpreted as different tags.

XHTML elements must be properly nested